Bali's 'garbage emergency': Beaches buried under plastic as 100 tonnes removed each day
Bali's palm-fringed Kuta beach has long been a favourite with tourists seeking sun and surf, but nowadays its golden shoreline is disappearing under a mountain of garbage.
Plastic straws and food packaging are strewn between sunbathers, while surfers bobbing behind the waves dodge waste flushed out from rivers or brought in by swirling currents.
"When I want to swim, it is not really nice. I see a lot of garbage here every day, every time," Austrian traveller Vanessa Moonshine explains.
"It's always coming from the ocean. It's really horrible."
The archipelago of more than 17,000 islands is the world's second biggest contributor to marine debris after China, and a colossal 1.29 million tonnes are estimated to be produced annually by Indonesia.
The waves of plastic flooding into rivers and oceans have been causing problems for years - clogging waterways in cities, increasing the risk of floods, and injuring or killing marine animals who ingest or become trapped by plastic packaging.
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The problem has grown so bad that officials in Bali last month declared a "garbage emergency" across a six-kilometre stretch of coast that included popular beaches Jimbaran, Kuta and Seminyak.
Officials deployed 700 cleaners and 35 trucks to remove roughly 100 tonnes of debris each day to a nearby landfill.
"People with green uniform were collecting the garbage to move it away but the next day I saw the same situation," said German Claus Dignas, who claimed he saw more garbage with each visit to the island.
"No one wants to sit on nice beach chairs and facing all this rubbish," he added.
Bali's rubbish problem is at its worst during the annual monsoon season, when strong winds push marine flotsam onto the beach and swollen rivers wash rubbish from riverbanks to the coast, according to Putu Eka Merthawan from the local environment agency.
"This garbage does not come from people living in Kuta and nearby areas," he said.
"It would be suicidal if Kuta people were doing it."
